What are the factors that influence
children to try or avoid drugs?
The high induced by drugs. If drug use wasn’t
pleasurable, it would be relatively easy to keep kids
and harmful substances separated. But the reality is
that many kids enjoy the way they feel on drugs —
at least for a while.
Attitudes of parents toward tobacco, alcohol and
other substances. Children learn what they live.
Smoking, drinking and other drug-related behaviors
among parents will usually be duplicated in their
children.
Availability of drugs. Finding drugs is not difficult
for children and adolescents in most communities,
but tougher local standards can help keep drugs out
of less-determined hands.
Peer pressure. Peers play a huge role at each stage of
a child’s or adolescent’s drug experience — whether
resisting them, experimenting, becoming a user or
confronting withdrawal and recovery.
There are three obvious implications: First, it is
important that kids find their niche in the right peer
group(s), among friends who are not only committed
to positive values (including a drug-free lifestyle)
but also involved in worthwhile and enjoyable
pursuits. Second, you may have to intervene if your
adolescent (especially in the early teen years) is
hanging out with the wrong crowd. Finally, children
and adolescents with a healthy, stable identity and an
appropriate sense of independence will be more
resistant to peer pressure.
Curiosity. Unless your family lives in total isolation,
your child will be aware of smoking, alcohol and
drug use well before adolescence from discussions at
school, watching TV and movies, or direct
observation. Some curiosity is inevitable: What do
these things feel like?
Whether this leads to sampling will depend on the
individual’s mind-set; whether an experiment
progresses to addiction will in turn depend on the
physical and emotional responses to the particular
substance.
Unfortunately, many children and adolescents seek
drug experiences to produce thrills that normal life
and consciousness can’t duplicate. Some observers
have argued that this desire to alter consciousness is
universal, wired into humans much like the desire
for food, and that trying to prevent it is as futile as
sweeping back the ocean with a broom. Assuming
this is the case (which is certainly debatable) does
not mean, however, that any and all forms of thrill-
seeking should be given free rein. A number of other
human instincts are no less universal, but hardly
virtuous: pride, greed, hunger for power, the desire
to dominate other people, lust, selfishness and so on.
Rebellion. Wayward children may engage in
smoking, alcohol and drug use as a show of
independence from family norms and values.
Escape from life/relief from pain. For many people
— indeed, for most people in the world — life is just
plain tough, and normal waking consciousness
brings a constant stream of unpleasant sights, smells,
sounds and sensations. The prospect of a chemical
“timeout” may look very attractive. Furthermore,
even when a person has plenty of creature comforts,
the prevailing emotional weather can still be
turbulent: kids and teens often feel anxious, angry,
depressed, oppressed, stressed, bored, unfulfilled.
Whether one is down and out or rich and famous,
drugs that bring about relaxation, stimulation or pure
escape can be appealing. The strongest resistance to
drug abuse therefore arises from an ongoing sense of
joy and contentment that transcends circumstances.
These attitudes are usually acquired, not inborn.
Early positive experiences in the family and an
active, wide-awake relationship with God play the
most important roles in molding such attitudes.
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